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master's thesis
Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes
2022. urn:nbn:hr:194:926959
Nikolić, Lisa
University of Rijeka
Faculty of Physics

Cite this document

Nikolić, L. (2022). Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes (Master's thesis). Rijeka: University of Rijeka. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

Nikolić, Lisa. "Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes." Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, 2022. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

Nikolić, Lisa. "Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes." Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, 2022. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

Nikolić, L. (2022). 'Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes', Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, accessed 11 April 2025, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

Nikolić L. Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes [Master's thesis]. Rijeka: University of Rijeka; 2022 [cited 2025 April 11] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

L. Nikolić, "Upper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes", Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, 2022. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:194:926959

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Metadata
TitleUpper Limits of Active Galactic Nuclei observed by the MAGIC telescopes
Title (croatian)Gornje granice detekcije aktivnih galaktičkih jezgri promatranih teleskopi-ma MAGIC
AuthorLisa Nikolić
MentorDijana Dominis Prester (mentor)
Committee memberMarina Manganaro (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberDijana Dominis Prester (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberIvana Poljančić Beljan (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Rijeka
(Faculty of Physics)
Rijeka
Defense date and country2022-10-26, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Physics
Abstract
Blazars are Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) whose jet is pointed towards the observer. They are usually divided in two sub-classes, depending on the aspect of their optical spectrum. Blazars which present an optical spectrum which lacks of emission lines are categorised as BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs), while blazars whose optical spectrum shows strong emission lines are named Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs). The majority of blazars who have been found emitting VHE γ-rays are BL Lacs. MAGIC observed and discovered in the VHE γ-ray band many of them in the past years. Nevertheless some of them remained undetected, meaning the significance of the signal was lower than 5 σ. For my work of thesis, I gathered information and data from such undetected sources and created a catalog of 41 sources, 25 of which are BL Lacs. From them, I selected a sample of 5 sources which were observed in 2020-2022 as a starting point for a more complete upper limits study which is in preparation within the MAGIC collaboration. The sources I analysed in detail are: 4FGLJ0955.1+ 3551, 87GB-225250.5+235403, TXS1700+685, PKS2247-131 and PKS2345-16. From the selected sample of sources I obtained upper limits (ULs) to the light curves (LCs) and spectral energy distributions (SEDs), which can be used in the future to study such sources in a multiwavelength (MWL) context and define a baseline for future studies in case of detection. ULs can in fact, combined with other MWL data, help in understanding the possible emission scenarios of those sources and into defining strategies to detect them.
Abstract (croatian)
Blazari su Aktivne Galaktičke Jezgre (AGN) čiji je mlaz uperen prema promatračcu. Uobičajeno su podijeljeni u dvije klase ovisno o svojstvima njihova optičkog spektra. Blazari koji imaju optički spektar u kojem nedostaju emisijske linije kategorizirani su kao BL Lacertae objekt (BL Lac), dok se blazari, čiji optički spektar ima jake emisijske linije, nazivaju Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQ). Većina blazara koji emitiraju VHE (eng. very high energy) γ-zrake su BL Lac objekti. U proteklim godinama mnogo ih je promatrano i otkriveno sa MAGIC teleskopima. Ipak, neki izvori i dalje ostaju nedetektirani, na što upućuje podatak da je značcajnost manja od 5σ. U svojem radu prikupila sam informacije i podatke upravo od takvih nedetektiranih izvora i stvorila katalog koji sadrži 41 izvor, od kojih su 25 BL Lac objekti. Potom sam izdvojila uzorak od 5 izvora koji su bili promatrani u periodu od 2020. do 2022. godine i to mi je bila početna tocka za detaljniju analizu gornjih granica detekcije koja je u pripremi s kolaboracijom MAGIC. Izvori koje sam detaljnije analizirala su: 4FGL-J0955.1+3551, 87GB-225250.5+235403, TXS1700+685, PKS2247-131 i PKS2345-16. Iz odabranog uzorka uspjela sam odrediti gornje granice detekcije za svjetlosne krivulje i spektralnu distribuciju energije. Ti podatci se u budućnosti mogu upotrijebiti za promatranje sličnih izvora u kontekstu istraživanja u cijelom području elektromagnetskog spektra, i mogu poslužiti kao vodilja u slučaju detekcije. Gornje granice, u kombinaciji sa podatcima u ostalim područjima spektra, mogu pomoći pri razumijevanju moguće emisije za te izvore baš te za određivanje mogućih strategija za detekciju.
Keywords
Keywords (croatian)
Languageenglish
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:194:926959
Study programmeTitle: physics
Study programme type: university
Study level: graduate
Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra fizike (magistar/magistra fizike)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2023-01-23 09:20:52